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《說文》古籀文重探——兼論王國維〈戰國時秦用籀文六國用古文說〉 A Reexamination of the ‘Ku wen’ and ‘Chou wen’ in the Shuo-wen Chieh-tzu, and an Evaluation of Wang Kuo-wei’s Article ‘A Case for Chou wen as the Writing of Ch’in and Ku wen as the Writing of the Liu-kuo During the Warring States Period’

  • 作  者:

    林素清 LIN Su-ch’ing

  • 期別頁碼:

    58.1:209-252

  • 出版時間:

    1987

  • 引用 全文下載

摘要

本文主要利用出土古文字資料,重新探討《說文》古、籀文的時代及王國維〈戰國時秦用籀文六國用古文說〉等問題,結論如下:
(一)《說文》古文應來自孔子壁中書及張蒼所獻書等古抄本,字體多簡省、訛變,有別於商周古文,是春秋戰國以來興起的新體,盛行於東方諸國。
(二)《說文》籀文係採〈史籀篇〉中文字,其字體較繁複,多重,與西周厲、宣王期文字最為接近,籀文中若干字寫法又絕未見於戰國時代,故應非戰國文字。而王國維以下,如蔣善國等所謂籀文晚起之說,皆有重新商榷之必要。又近年所發現宣王銅器□鼎銘有「史留」,唐蘭等以為即宣王大史籀,種種線索都顯示《說文》籀文所屬時代仍以《漢書‧藝文志》所載較宜。
(三)全面檢討戰國文字,確見有古籀分用現象。古、籀文之區別,並不在於官府與民間,工整與草率,或書寫工具的差異,而是字體結構的不同。戰國時代當東方各國普遍採用新興「古文」體時,西秦仍趨保守,始終謹嚴地承繼著西周籀文系統,於是雙方呈現出較大的差距,這正是王國維所指出的「秦用籀文六國用古文」現象。因此,若修正王國維對於〈史籀篇〉作者和時代的說法,則其「古籀分用」觀念仍然可取。

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註腳
林素清,〈《說文》古籀文重探——兼論王國維〈戰國時秦用籀文六國用古文說〉〉,《中央研究院歷史語言研究所集刊》58.8(1987):209-252。
LIN Su-ch’ing, “A Reexamination of the ‘Ku wen’ and ‘Chou wen’ in the Shuo-wen Chieh-tzu, and an Evaluation of Wang Kuo-wei’s Article ‘A Case for Chou wen as the Writing of Ch’in and Ku wen as the Writing of the Liu-kuo During the Warring States Period’,” Bulletin of the Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica 58.8 (1987): 209-252.

書目
林素清
1987 〈《說文》古籀文重探——兼論王國維〈戰國時秦用籀文六國用古文說〉〉,《中央研究院歷史語言研究所集刊》58.8:209-252。
Su-ch’ing, LIN
1987 “A Reexamination of the ‘Ku wen’ and ‘Chou wen’ in the Shuo-wen Chieh-tzu, and an Evaluation of Wang Kuo-wei’s Article ‘A Case for Chou wen as the Writing of Ch’in and Ku wen as the Writing of the Liu-kuo During the Warring States Period’.” Bulletin of the Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica 58.8: 209-252.
林素清. (1987). 《說文》古籀文重探——兼論王國維〈戰國時秦用籀文六國用古文說〉. 中央研究院歷史語言研究所集刊, 58(8), 209-252.

Su-ch’ing, LIN. (1987). A Reexamination of the ‘Ku wen’ and ‘Chou wen’ in the Shuo-wen Chieh-tzu, and an Evaluation of Wang Kuo-wei’s Article ‘A Case for Chou wen as the Writing of Ch’in and Ku wen as the Writing of the Liu-kuo During the Warring States Period’. Bulletin of the Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica, 58(8), 209-252.
林素清. “《說文》古籀文重探——兼論王國維〈戰國時秦用籀文六國用古文說〉.” 中央研究院歷史語言研究所集刊 58, no. 8 (1987): 209-252.

Su-ch’ing, LIN. “A Reexamination of the ‘Ku wen’ and ‘Chou wen’ in the Shuo-wen Chieh-tzu, and an Evaluation of Wang Kuo-wei’s Article ‘A Case for Chou wen as the Writing of Ch’in and Ku wen as the Writing of the Liu-kuo During the Warring States Period’.” Bulletin of the Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica 58, no. 8 (1987): 209-252.
林素清. “《說文》古籀文重探——兼論王國維〈戰國時秦用籀文六國用古文說〉.” 中央研究院歷史語言研究所集刊, vol. 58, no. 8, 1987, pp. 209-252.

Su-ch’ing, LIN. “A Reexamination of the ‘Ku wen’ and ‘Chou wen’ in the Shuo-wen Chieh-tzu, and an Evaluation of Wang Kuo-wei’s Article ‘A Case for Chou wen as the Writing of Ch’in and Ku wen as the Writing of the Liu-kuo During the Warring States Period’.” Bulletin of the Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica, vol. 58, no. 8, 1987, pp. 209-252.
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