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轉輪王觀念與中國中古的佛教政治 The Concept of Cakravartirājan and its Influence on Medieval Chinese Kingship

摘要

本文主要探討在「法輪東轉」之後,中國的君主是如何來利用、擷取佛教的資源。文中特別以轉輪王觀念的演變為例,說明原先轉輪王觀念中、「一佛一轉輪王」的模式在傳入中國之後,由於傳統政治思想與大乘佛教的影響,逐漸轉變成「轉輪王即佛」的模式。武則天即為最善於利用佛教資源,並將「轉輪王即佛」的觀念具體落實的第一個君主。

Cakravartirājan is the title given to the ancient India’s legendary sage kings, a concept later adapted by Buddhists. After Buddhism’s successful conquest of China during the medieval period, Chinese rulers unhesitatedly utilized Buddhism as a resource for claiming legitimacy. The concept of Cakravartirājan was one of their major appeals to this end. By analyzing the transformation of the original Indian model of “one Budda-one Cakravartirājan” into the Chinese model of “Cakravartirājan is Budda himself”, this essay provides a case study for the understanding of the “sinicization” of Buddhism in medieval China.

引用

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引用文

脚注
康樂,〈轉輪王觀念與中國中古的佛教政治〉,《中央研究院歷史語言研究所集刊》67.8(1996):109-143。
Kang Le, “The Concept of Cakravartirājan and its Influence on Medieval Chinese Kingship,” Bulletin of the Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica 67.8 (1996): 109-143.

参考文献
康樂
1996 〈轉輪王觀念與中國中古的佛教政治〉,《中央研究院歷史語言研究所集刊》67.8:109-143。
Le, Kang
1996 “The Concept of Cakravartirājan and its Influence on Medieval Chinese Kingship.” Bulletin of the Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica 67.8: 109-143.
康樂. (1996). 轉輪王觀念與中國中古的佛教政治. 中央研究院歷史語言研究所集刊, 67(8), 109-143.

Le, Kang. (1996). The Concept of Cakravartirājan and its Influence on Medieval Chinese Kingship. Bulletin of the Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica, 67(8), 109-143.
康樂. “轉輪王觀念與中國中古的佛教政治.” 中央研究院歷史語言研究所集刊 67, no. 8 (1996): 109-143.

Le, Kang. “The Concept of Cakravartirājan and its Influence on Medieval Chinese Kingship.” Bulletin of the Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica 67, no. 8 (1996): 109-143.
康樂. “轉輪王觀念與中國中古的佛教政治.” 中央研究院歷史語言研究所集刊, vol. 67, no. 8, 1996, pp. 109-143.

Le, Kang. “The Concept of Cakravartirājan and its Influence on Medieval Chinese Kingship.” Bulletin of the Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica, vol. 67, no. 8, 1996, pp. 109-143.
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