Abstract
Tiansheng Miscellaneous Statutes (Tiansheng Ling Za Ling), with its relatively completeness except some textual hiatus, provides textual assurance for us to understand the system of za ling (miscellaneous statutes). In the first part of the article, miscellaneous statutes from the Jin to the Yuan dynasties are put into comparison with each other, and their positions in the entire statutes of respective dynasties are found changed from the middle to the end and then to the middle again. Where the difference between za ling and za fa (miscellaneous decrees) of Jin ling (Jin Statutes) is turn out to be the difference between faling (statutes with penalties) and ling (statutes without penalties). A contrast in length, category and content shows that the za ling either with items reclassified continuously to other categories or complemented with lots of items from other categories were the most frequently changed in contents. On the surface, some of their items kept lasting for nearly thousand years, but meticulous analysis indicates some notable differences. Having compared the Miscellaneous Statutes with other legal forms including lǜ (code), ge (regulation) and shi (ordinance), The article pointed it out that there are few items corresponding in the Miscellaneous Statutes with those in za lǜ (the Miscellaneous Code), and some items dealing with award in the Miscellaneous Statutes in the Tang dynasty were reset to shang ge (the Award Regulations) in the Song dynasty.
Keywords
Tingsheng Statutes、Miscellaneous Statutes、Statutes of all dynasties、Law and decree、Miscellaneous codes、Reward Regulations
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