Abstract
In 1082, the North Song Dynasty set up the Gaoshen Statutes of Zhishou (制授), Chishou (敕授), and Zoushou (奏授) again. In one way, it copied the Gaoshen Statutes of the Three Departments in the Tang Dynasty. In the other way, it established the collateral system of Gaoshen and Chida (敕牒) after the late Tang Dynasty. During the Five Dynasties period, the south and the north Song Dynasties, the making and the distribution of Gaoshen were unified by the Guan Gao Yuan，not belonged to the Ministry of Personnel (吏) and War (兵). Ling Che (綾紙) that was below the Guan Gao Yuan provided various materials for making Gaoshen. The sealing regulations of the North and South Dynasties are different from those of the Tang Dynasty. Began from 1113 to the South Dynasty, the “Guan Gao Yuan” (官告院) formulated the print of the official stamp was “Gaoshen made by the Personnel Ministry” (「吏部製造告身案記」). From the Five Dynasties to the Song Dynasty, the paper used and the mount of Gaoshen were more and more exquisite. The sort, size, and the amount of the paper Gaoshen used, also the class of roller used depended on the official rank. From the Later Tang Dynasty to the Later Zhou Dynasty, the money of Gaoshen was bear by the royal court. In 958, the court got great financial pressure for the official granted wantonly. Thus, the government regulated the grantees afforded the money of Gaoshen themselves and so as the North Song Dynasty. In the South Song Dynasty, the money of Gaoshen got multiple growth. The court granted lots of officials and levied the money of Gaoshen for the method of increasing the court's finance.
Keywords
GaoShen、GaoShen Statutes、Guan Gao Yuan、Ling Che
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