摘要
我國古代法制之史，淵遠流長，姑不論古史傳說中所謂：「象以典刑，流宥五刑，鞭作官刑，扑作教刑，金作贖刑」，或《左傳‧昭公六年》所載叔向之言：「夏有亂政，而作《禹刑》；商有亂政，而作《湯刑》；周有亂政，而作《九刑》」；自李悝之編定《法經》，商鞅傳授，改法為律，漢相蕭何，更加〈戶〉、〈興〉、〈廄〉三篇，以為《九章》之律以來，迄今亦已二千四百年有餘；就中唐律在吾國法制史之發展過程上，實居於承先啟後之地位，誠毋須贅言。惟唐律諸篇之淵源，過往由於史籍的闕載，實在難以窺其全貌；近些年來，因為簡牘史料的出土，可以充分彌補此一漏洞。本文初步認為，《睡虎地秦簡‧秦律十八種》中的〈田律〉、〈徭律〉，《睡虎地秦簡‧秦律雜抄》的〈傅律〉，以及《睡虎地秦簡‧法律答問》中的若干殘簡，均得視為《唐律‧戶婚律》中〈戶律〉之淵源。甚且，我們也認為《法律答問》中四條關於婚姻事宜的簡文，或許即是秦代〈婚律〉的內容；故即使〈婚律〉的淵源，可能亦得溯自秦律。而漢初呂后二年（前186 ）的《張家山漢簡‧二年律令》，就中如〈戶律〉、〈傅律〉、〈置後律〉、〈田律〉與〈徭律〉等篇的部份內容，均得視為《唐律‧戶婚律》之淵源。
Tang Codes was a representative work of Chinese Traditional Legal System. Owing to the sanction of history records, it’s difficult to know the origin of Tang Code. The Qin and Han statutes excavated from Shuihudi and Zhangjiashan can provide a supplement to understand the origin of Tang Code. In the Shuihudi Qin Code, we found the Tian lu 田律（Statutes on Agriculture）, Yao lu徭律（Statutes on Corvee）, Fu lu傅律（Statutes on Registration）and some remnants can be regard as the origin of Hu lu戶律（Statutes on Households）in Tang Code. We also found four articles concerning marriage in the Falu da wen 法律答問（Answers and Questions Concerning the Qin Statutes）, those might be the content of the Hun lu婚律（Statutes on Marriage）of Qin Code. From the Zhangjiashan material, we can also find the Hu lu 、Fu lu、Yao lu、Tian lu and Zhihou lu置後律（Statutes on the Establishment of Successors）in Ernian Luling二年律令（Statutes and Ordinances of the Year Two） which are regard as the origin of Huhun lu戶婚律（Statutes on Households and Marriage）of Tang Code.
關鍵詞
《唐律‧戶婚律》、出土簡牘史料、《睡虎地秦簡》、《張家山漢簡‧二年律令》
Tang Code，Huhun lu戶婚律（Statutes on Households and Marriage），excavated bamboo and wooden slips document，the Shuihudi Qin Code，Zhangjiashan bamboo slips，Ernian Luling二年律令