摘要
《時令》在北宋前期以前，仍是一種禮經文本，而非法典篇章。不過，相關的行為規範早在秦漢時便已為法律條文所吸收，在唐令及北宋《天聖令》的《賦役令》、《廄牧令》、《獄官令》、《營繕令》、《雜令》中也可覓得對應條文，大致可被分為役工營繕、放牧、行刑、禮儀、採捕等類。南宋法典《慶元條法事類》中有《時令》一篇，目前殘存的六條令文分別源自唐令及《天聖令》的《獄官令》、《營繕令》、《雜令》。無論是作為禮經文本還是法律條文，《時令》的規範內容雖然歷朝歷代皆有變化，但其順天應時的規範旨趣則並無二致。
Before the early North Song Dynasty, the Shi Ling (the Statutes on Season) was still not a chapter of statutes but a kind of ritual literature. However, some rules of it had been absorbed into laws since the Qin-Han period. And there exist many relevant articles in the Fuyi Ling (the Statutes on Taxes and Corvée), the Jiumu Ling (the Statutes on Livestock), the Yuanguan Ling (the Statutes on Prison Officials), the Yingshan Ling (the Statutes on Construction and Repair) and the Za Ling (the Statutes on Farrago) in the Tang Statutes and the Tiansheng Statutes in the Tang-North Song period, which could be classified into many kinds just like ones on corvée, construction, grazing, executing a punishment, ritual, hunting and so on. As a chapter of the statutes, the Shi Ling appeared in the Qingyuan Tiaofa Shilei that was a code in the South Song. There were six items remaining which originated from the Yuanguan Ling, the Yingshan Ling and the Za Ling in the Tang Statutes and the Tiansheng Statutes. Although the detail even content of the Shi Ling changed in different dynasties regardless of document properties, the purpose for regulating the people to go with the nature law was invariant.
關鍵詞
時令、月令、唐令、天聖令、慶元令
Shi Ling、Yue Ling、Tang Statutes、Tiansheng Statutes、Qingyuan Statutes