摘要
認定事實並適用法律是刑事訴訟的重要功能，而適用法律應以一定的事實存在為前提，為了明白事實則必須仰賴證據作為證明的依據。本文即意圖探析清代官員在面對一樁人命案件時，如何透過屍體檢驗所得的證據以型構出犯罪事實？ 為了解決上述的疑問，本文擬從三個脈絡進行討論：第一、官方檢驗系統及其權威如何形成？第二、檢驗取證在案件審理過程中實際運作情形如何？第三、此證據的實效為何？希望藉此三者的討論，逐步瞭解清代人命案件檢驗系統的形成、運作與實效，並更進一步探討檢驗證據與發現事實間的問題。
Fact finding and law application are the important functions of Criminal Procedure. Law application should be premised on certain existing facts. In order to find the fact, the judge must rely on the basis of evidence as proving. This paper intent to discuss how the official in Qing Dynasty confirm the fact by the evidence obtained through the examination of a corpse in the case of murder. To solve this question, this paper try to discuss in three approach. First, how the official system of autopsy and its legal authority was constructed? Second, how the system operated in reality? Third, what the efficacy of this system is? According to these content, this paper try to research the relationship between “evidence” and “fact finding” in the Criminal Procedure of Qing Dynasty.
關鍵詞
清代、人命案件、驗屍、證據、洗冤錄、事實認定
Qing Dynasty、murder、autopsy、evidence、Xi Yuan Lu（洗冤錄）、fact finding