摘要
關於宋代公案作品的代表《錯斬崔寧》中冤案產生的原因，有學者認為主要是由於當時科技水準不發達或沒有無罪推定導致。然而，仔細檢視上述案件的文本，並比對當時背景性的法律法規，將發現這一冤案的產生主要是由於司法官員違背社會常理、司法常識尤其是相關法律規定，未作基本的現場調查所致。過分強調無罪推定、科技水準的發達等現代社會的標準去要求古人，是對中國古代官員的苛責，也未能正確分析冤案產生的基本原因，從而有意無意地忽視了當時制度建設、維護司法正當程序對公正審判的重要性及其現代警示。
About the causes of the wrongs happening in Song Dynasties’ novel, such as Cuo Zhan CuiNing, some scholars think that they resulted primarily from the underdeveloped technological level and the lack of principle of innocent presumption at that time. However, through a careful examination on the text of the case, and its consultation with the laws and regulations during the time when the wrongs happened, we can find the reasons for the grievance to arise are judicial officials who violated social conventions, common sense of justice, especially relevant laws and regulations, and even hadn’t conducted any on-site investigations before the trial. Some Scholars’ overemphasis, on the presumption of innocence, the level of science and technology, or other modern society standards, can merely be excessive censure of ancient officials, serving as the reason why can’t we explain how injustice occurred. Thereby we will ignore the system construction and maintenance of judicial due process, which are more important for a fair trial and the construction of rule of law in present-day China.
關鍵詞
《錯斬崔寧》、證據、未依法辦案
Cuo Zhan CuiNing, evidence, disobeying the laws