摘要
工商禁碑，作為地方官府進行工商業管理的主要法制形式，明末清初開始出現，並主要集中於江南地區。在這些禁碑中，以「禁當行碑」即禁止官吏、衙役、兵丁強迫工商戶無償或低價提供勞役和物資以勒索滋擾工商業者的內容所占比例最大。它們既反映了當時工商業者面臨的艱難環境，同時也成為工商業者謀求生存發展而訴求法律保護的主要方式。本文以現存的數十份「禁當行碑」為依據，分析其頒刻緣由、主要內容及其作用效果，進而探求地方官府和工商業者在市場法律秩序創制過程中分別所起的作用，初步揭示當時市場法律秩序中的政府因素和民間因素之間的關係。
he prohibition steles of trade and industry, as the main legal measure of the local government to supervise the trade and industry arose during the late Ming and early Qing dynasties , were mainly concentrated in the Jiangnan region. Among them,the 「exaction-prohibited-steles」 cut the largest proportion. The exaction-prohibited-steles not only reproduced real difficult living environment for businessmen, but also reflected them to seek survival and development and the demanded of the legal protection of the initial attempt. This paper was based on several dozen copies of the existing exaction-prohibited-steles, and tried to analysis the reason, the content and effect of exactionprohibited-steles, and seek out local officials and businesses how to play a role in creating the market legal process.
關鍵詞
明清、工商禁碑、法律秩序
Ming and Qing Dynasties、Prohibition steles of trade and industry、Legal process
