摘要
所謂「判」，是唐人取士考試項目之一，取其「文理優長」。通常是以地方獄訟案件或經學、史籍所載的概念或史事，假設兩難情境之議題，使應試者以判詞論述，從而展現其對於維護禮教倫理和法律秩序的態度與看法。白居易為考「書判拔萃科」而模擬「百道判」，讓我們有機會瞭解唐代判詞的世界。本文選擇其中「居喪」、「婚姻」、「蔭贖與襲爵」、「朝儀」、「居官」、「復仇」等涉及儒家禮教秩序的判題，分析白居易判詞世界中的禮教秩序，從而瞭解白居易的禮教思想。整體而言，白居易模擬與儒家禮教秩序有關的判題和判詞，大致都反映他深受儒家思想影響。即使遇到已經以禮入律的事例，白居易依然僅論禮而不說法，可見他更在意的是禮教的意義，而不是法律上的違法論證。
The so-called“Pan”was one of the examination subjects in T’ang Dynasty. The questions of the“Pan”were usually formulated from the
lawsuits or historical affairs in the historical literatures. Written by Bai Jü Yi,“Bai-Dao”legal precedent was an exercise in composition after he passed the preliminary but before he attended the final examinations held by the Judiciary. This legal precedent Let us have the opportunity to understand the verdicts of the Tang Dynasty. This paper discuss the lawsuit cases about the issue of“Mourning”、“Marriage”、“Hereditary peerage”、“Court etiquette”、“Officer”、“Revenge” that involved the order of Confucianism. Through analysis the lawsuit cases, we can understand the thought of Bai Jü Yi about the order under the Confuscianism. Overall, In the event that the lawsuit cases were originated from the scripture of the Confucianism, Bai Jü Yi’s attitude was apparently in accordance with the instructions given by the Confucianism. Even though there have been instances with propriety into Law, Bai is still only on the ceremony, obviously that he is more concerned about the meaning of propriety, rather than the illegal demonstration.
關鍵詞
法制史、白居易、百道判、禮教秩序、儒家思想
The history of a legal system、Bai Jü Yi、Bai-Dao legal precedent、the order under the Confucianism、Confucianism
